KNOW MORE ABOUT GONORRHEA

Gonorrhoea

Gonorrhoea is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by a bacterium called Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Untreated gonorrhoea can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women and urethritis and epididymitis,  inflammation of the sperm carrying ducts in men. A woman who is infected during pregnancy is at risk for preterm delivery and having a baby with a life threatening gonorrhoea infection

Transmission

Gonorrhoea is transmitted mainly through intimate sexual contact. Vaginal, oral and anal sex can result into acquiring infection in the mouth,  throat,  genital and anal areas. A pregnant woman can infect her baby during delivery,  mostly resulting in eye infection.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae thrives in moist linings of the mouth, throat, vagina, cervix,  urethra and anal canal.
Gonorrhoea cannot be contracted from toilet seats, towels or other objects as the bacteria cannot thrive outside the warm and moist environment of the human body.

Symptoms

Incubation period for gonorrhoea is generally 2 -7 days. It may be without symptoms in many patients especially in women.
In men the first symptoms may be painful urination and a thick,  yellowish white or yellowish green discharge from the penis. The opening of the urethra may be inflamed and swollen along with the lymph glands in the groin. Up to half of males may have minor symptoms or none at all.
Most females with gonorrhoea are without symptoms. Those who have symptoms often experience pain with urination,  increased vaginal discharge, and severe menstrual cramps.  Women may also develop painful swelling on either side of the vaginal opening called  abscess.
Gonorrhoea  can also infect the throat and rectum of those engaged in oral and anal sex. Gonorrhea symptoms in the throat may be sore throat and pus on the tonsils, and symptoms in the rectum may be anal pain, itching and pus or blood in the feces.

Diagnosis

Several tests are available for diagnosing gonorrhoea.  These includes gram stain, VDRL, detection of bacterial DNA or culture. A sample of urine, cervical, urethral,  throat or rectal fluids may be collected for the tests

Treatment

Gonorrhoea can be treated and cured. Untreated gonorrhoea can have serious consequences in a infected person. Antibiotics are used to treat  the infection.  People with gonorrhoea might have additional infection with chlamydia, so additional antibiotics are typically given to treat chlamydia.
Follow up tests may be performed to make sure the infection has been eradicated. You can still get the disease if you have sexual contact with an infected person, so ensure your partner (s) are treated along with you to avoid reinfection.

Consequences of Gonorrhoea

Acute prostatitis
Inflammation   of the prostate gland, a gland  located at the neck of the blader in men.
Epididymo-orchitis
Inflammation of the sperm carrying ducts and testes in men.
Bartholin’s gland abscess
This is a painful swelling on either side of the vaginal opening, arising out of gonorrhoealine infection.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
This may lead to infertility or ectopic pregnancy in women.


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Tabia Hatarishi Zinazosababisha Upungufu wa Nguvu za Kiume

Upungufu wa nguvu za kiume ni tatizo linaloongezeka sehemu mbalimbali hapa duniani. Ingawa huwatokea wanaume wengi, mara nyingi inakuwa ni muda mfupi na la kupita.
Kushindwa kusimamisha uume kunakoongozeka kadri siku zinavyooenda ni tatizo linahitaji msaada wa kitabibu haraka.
Tabia zifuatazo zinachangia kutokea kwa tatizo hili kwa wanume:

• Uvutaji wa sigara na utumiaji wa bidhaa za tumbaku.

• Unywaji sana wa pombe.

• Kutofanya mazoezi ya mwili.

• Kula vyakula visivyo na virutubisho; nafaka zisizokobolewa, vyakula vyenye mafuta kwa wingi, kiasi kidogo cha mboga za majani na matunda kwenye mlo.

• Uzito wa kupitiliza (overweight).                      

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Warning Signs of Heart Attack

 

Heart attacks occur when there is insufficiency supply of blood in the muscles of the heart. Some heart attack may occur suddenly and intensely, while some heart attacks occur more slowly.
Here are signs that can mean a heart attack is happening:

• Chest discomfort or pain

Chest discomfort or pain that is pressure like or squeezing in nature and it may spread to areas of the upper body such as neck, shoulder, jaw or arm.

• Shortness of breath with or without chest comfort

Other signs may be:
cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness.

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JINSI TUNAVYO KULA

Siku zote afya bora inaanza pale jinsi unavyo kula kila siku ila kwa maisha ya sasa tunavyo ishi basi ata ulaji wetu umekuwa mbovu sana.Shilika la afya duniani WHO lilipanga mpango maalum wa kula vizuri ili binadamu aweze kupata afya bora.WHO inashauli sana binadamu aweze kula Nafaka kmili kwa wingi kwa mfano dona ili aweze kujenga afya yake iwe bora zaidi.Mfumo wa kula tunao takiwa kula kila siku ni huu ufuatawo:
1.Nafaka kamili.Mfano Dona
2.Mbogamboga na matunda
3.Protini
4.Mafuta pamoja na sukari.
Huu ni mfano mojawapo picha jinsi tunavyo takiwa kula kila siku.

  Lakini binadamu wa siku izi tumebadilisha kabisa mfumo wa kula ndiyo maana tunakumbwa na malazi mbalimbali kama presha,kisukari.kansa,magonjwa ya moyo na mengineyo mengi yanayo sababishwa na ulaji mbovu.Mfumo ambao tunakula siku izi binadamu ni huu apa:
1.Mafuta na sukari kwa wingi
2.Protini.
3.Mbogamboga na matunda
4.Nafaka kamili.
5.Mazoezi.
Mazoezi ni jambo la muhimu sana kwa afya ya mwanadamu lakini binadamu wa siku hizi tunapuuzia sana swala zima la mazoezi ndiyo maana hatuishiwi na magonjwa ya mara kwa mara.

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CANCER OF THE CERVIX(KANSA YA SHINGO YA KIZAZI)

is the type of cancer that affect the cervix of the woman.

Risk Factors
1.Sexually Transmitted Infections
o Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Types 16, 18
o Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
2. Early age at first sexual intercourse
3. Multiple sexual partners (both male and/or female)
4.Intercourse with uncircumcised male partner
Associated Factors
• Cigarette smoking
• High parity
• Low socio-economic status
o Affects ability to access health services, including screening/vaccines for cervical
cancer
o Can contribute to multiple sexual partners, transactional sex in exchange for money or
other goods
• Low immune system
o May result from HIV infection, diabetes mellitus, prolonged use of steroids,
immunosuppression, organ transplant, etc.

CLINICAL FEATURES OF CANCER OF THE CERVIX

o Abnormal vaginal bleeding between periods, post-coital (contact), or after menopause
o Abnormal vaginal discharge can be blood-stained and/or foul smelling
Other Symptoms
• Depends on the extent and spread of the disease (stage)
o Lower abdominal pain
o Lower limb pain and swelling
o Bleeding from the rectum
o Urine containing blood, urine retention and urine incontinence due to fistula formation

any questions u can ask.
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